https://hdl.handle.net/10259/10076 2026-04-28T01:40:40Z https://hdl.handle.net/10259/10102 Is this a Joke? Altering the Derivation of Humor Behavior Bebber, Matheus; Luciano, Carmen; Ruiz Sánchez, Luis Jorge; Cabello, Francisco Despite the vast number of studies analyzing humor and its relation to other psychological variables, there is no consensus regarding under which conditions humor emerges. The current study aims to explore in this direction using three experimental protocols designed to alter the context of several jokes: the Reality protocol, to respond as if being in the situation described in the joke; the Identification protocol, to take the perspective of the characters in the jokes; and the Discomfort protocol, to respond to aversive functions given to these characters. Twenty-three participants were assigned to one of two conditions: in the Experimental condition, the first three jokes were preceded by one of the experimental protocols, whereas in the Control condition, the same jokes were presented without any contextual manipulation. Then, all participants were re-exposed to the jokes with no manipulation in a second phase. Facial responses and self-reports were used as measures of humor. Results show that the experimental protocols altered the emergence of humor in a replicable manner (mainly with the Reality and the Discomfort protocols) by reducing the humor responses and affecting their agreement. However, a decrease in humor responses as well as variability in the agreement between measures was observed in both conditions when re-exposed to the same jokes. These findings are discussed according to the contextual components defining each experimental protocol and highlight the functions that might be derived according to the interaction between the jokes and the participants’ histories of relating events. 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10259/10089 Mejora del razonamiento analógico en ancianos Utande, Asunción; Molina Cobos, Francisco J.; Ruiz Sánchez, Luis Jorge; Callejón, Zaida; Luciano, Carmen Analogical reasoning is perhaps the core element of intelligent behavior and it has been related to successful aging. The present study aimed to impact the analogical reasoning of the elderly individuals through the application of an analogies protocol based on promoting fluency and flexibility (FFA) in relational responding. The FFA protocol was designed specifically for this study and according to the available information on relational behavior. A pre-post design with two conditions, five participants each ranged of 69 to 89 years old. At pretest, participants responded to two WAIS subscales as well as to three analogies tasks specifically designed for the study. Then, fluency and flexibility analogies protocol (FFA) was applied to the participants of the experimental condition throughout a week. Subsequently, in post-test, the same measures used in the pre-test were applied. The FFA protocol had a significant impact on three of the five measures. The sensitivity of the tests was discussed as well as different ways to improve the protocol impact were all discussed. The relevant effect produced for most of the participants are discussed and highlighted. 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10259/10088 An update on the underlying risk factors of eating disorders onset during adolescence: a systematic review Varela Vázquez, Carmen; Hoyo, Ángela; Tapia Sanz, María Eugenia; Jiménez González, Ana Isabel; Moral, Benito Javier; Rodríguez Fernández, Paula; Vargas Hernández, Yadirnaci; Ruiz Sánchez, Luis Jorge Introduction: Eating disorders (EDs) are serious psychological problems that affect not only the individual, but also their entire environment. The prevalence rates of EDs are higher among the adolescent population. A better understanding of ED risk factors is essential to design effective prevention and intervention programs that focus beyond the areas of weight and appearance. Methods: The main objective of this systematic review was to identify the risk factors of EDs and provide a comprehensive approach, analyzing the interplay between individuals, their inner circle, and the society characteristics. The Web of Science, Scopus, CENTRAL and PsycInfo databases were searched. Results: The initial search produced 8,178 references. After removing duplicates and performing the selection process by three independent reviewers, 42 articles were included in the systematic review according to the pre-specified inclusion criteria. The results suggest the relevance of society and the inner circle on the development of EDs. Discussion: The internalization of the thin ideal, promoted by the current society, and living in an unsupportive, unaffectionate, non-cohesive environment were associated with the onset of EDs symptomatology. Other associated variables with this ED indicator were poor-quality relationships and feeling judged about appearance. These aspects seem to be essential for the development of individual characteristics like self-esteem or adaptative coping during adolescence. This systematic review has shown the complex etiology of EDs and the relevance of the interplay between the different areas involved. Furthermore, this information could be relevant to improve the design of innovative and more effective prevention and intervention programs. Systematic review registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42022320881. 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z https://hdl.handle.net/10259/10087 Entrenamiento en múltiples ejemplos (MET) en la formación de la conducta de oyente generalizada en el Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). Un estudio de caso Feder, Jonas; Luciano, Carmen; Ruiz Sánchez, Luis Jorge El presente estudio utiliza un entrenamiento de ejemplares múltiples (MET) para crear la conducta de oyente generalizada en un niño de 4 años y 8 meses diagnosticado con Trastorno del Espectro Autista (TEA). La conducta de oyente generalizada es uno de los primeros repertorios verbales conocidos en niños con desarrollo normalizado, establece la base de conductas verbales más avanzadas y normalmente no se observa en niños con dificultades en el desarrollo como en el TEA. Conociendo como crear uno de los primeros repertorios verbales, en este caso la conducta de oyente generalizada, se podrá dar un paso importante en la mejora de programas terapéuticos para niños con retraso en el desarrollo. El presente estudio se basa en una replicación sistemática de Luciano, Gómez y Rodríguez (2007). Los objetivos del presente estudio fueron entrenar la conducta de oyente usando un entrenamiento con múltiples ejemplos (MET) y medir el impacto de tal entrenamiento en (a) la emergencia de un patrón generalizado de conducta a nivel de oyente y (b) la emergencia de conducta de hablante. Los resultados muestran que se cumplió el primero objetivo, sin embargo, el MET en la conducta de oyente no fue suficiente para generar conducta de hablante. Los resultados y las limitaciones de este estudio son discutidos.; Using Multiple-Exemplar Training (MET) to teach Generalized Listener Behavior in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD): A case study. The present study used Multiple Exemplar Training (MET) to create generalized delayed listener behavior in a 4 years and 8 month old child, diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Generalized listener behavior is one of the first verbal repertoires known in normally developing children, the basis of more advanced verbal behavior, and normally absent in children with developmental difficulties like ASD. Knowing how to create one of the first verbal repertoires, in this case generalized listener behavior, will be an important step to improve therapy programs for children with developmental delay. MET procedure used in this study was a systematic replication of the first experiment of Luciano, Gómez y Rodríguez (2007). The objectives of the present study were to train delayed listener behavior using multiple-exemplar training (MET) and to measure the impact of such training on (a) the emergence of a pattern of generalized listener behavior and (b) on the emergence of speaker behavior. Results show the first goal but MET on listener behavior was not sufficient for speaker behavior to emerge. Results and limitations of the case-study were discussed. 2015-12-01T00:00:00Z