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<dc:creator>Romay García, Luis</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Pérez Estébanez, Martín</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Heras Vidaurre, Aránzazu</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Colina Santamaría, Álvaro</dc:creator>
<dc:date>2025-01</dc:date>
<dc:description>Quantitative methods using surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for analysis in complex matrices are very&#xd;
attractive due to the high sensitivity and selectivity of this technique. In this work, a novel time-resolved elec&#xd;
trochemical surface-enhanced Raman scattering (TR-EC-SERS) analytical method has been developed for the&#xd;
determination of nicotine in e-liquids of electronic cigarettes. One of the main challenges of SERS is its inherent&#xd;
lack of reproducibility. Here, this limitation was mitigated by employing an electrochemical pre-treatment step&#xd;
to generate a homogeneous distribution of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on a silver screen-printed electrode. The&#xd;
enhanced Raman scattering induced by the Ag-NPs enabled the detection of nicotine at nanomolar levels. The&#xd;
high sensitivity of the method allowed the quantitative analysis of diluted e-liquid samples, mitigating potential&#xd;
interferences from other components present in these complex matrices. Moreover, TR-EC-SERS, coupled with&#xd;
parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC), demonstrated the capability of trilinear spectroelectrochemistry data not&#xd;
only to detect nicotine but also to identify potential interfering compounds without prior knowledge of their&#xd;
spectral signatures. This multivariate approach offers significant potential for the detection of outliers in complex&#xd;
samples.</dc:description>
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<dc:identifier>http://hdl.handle.net/10259/10194</dc:identifier>
<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
<dc:publisher>Elsevier</dc:publisher>
<dc:title>Determination of nicotine in e-liquids by electrochemical generation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrates</dc:title>
<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
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