2026-04-21T01:14:19Zhttps://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request

oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/102812025-03-05T01:05:30Zcom_10259_5822com_10259_5086com_10259_2604col_10259_5823

Borlaf Pinar, Mario 87dfbccf-4ca1-421a-97ae-2306577877ae 600 Picchio, Matias L. 40d8414e-86c4-45bc-8c42-5bacfb4ae18e Luque, Gisela Carina c5708146-c4b9-41e1-b72a-807c7fa2eeb7 Criado-Gonzalez, Miryam 38dc1122-91f2-4731-8930-0bc0285dc1e3 Guzmán-Gonzalez, Gregorio be84ec8f-9b1a-4512-8fca-e444fe7daeef Perez Antolin, Daniel 776 600 Lingua, Gabriele a81635e9-e435-45ce-ad0d-601f8bdb6b23 Mecerreyes, David 8717a354-383b-4163-b0da-1e54abf0e9a8 Ventosa Arbaizar, Edgar 782 600 0000-0002-8993-4285 2025-03-04T11:20:49Z 2025-03-04T11:20:49Z 2023-11 2753-1457 http://hdl.handle.net/10259/10281 10.1039/d3ya00333g 2753-1457 The development of new battery concepts, chemistries and fabrication processes is driven by the bloom of emerging applications in a variety of fields ranging from the Internet of Things to Smart Healthcare. Shape factor-free and shape-conformable power sources are highly desired for integration with complex-shape electronic devices. Herein, a new fabrication process for shape-conformable batteries is explored. Battery cells having targeted shapes are fabricated and assisted by 3D printing. Then, flowable semi-solid electrodes are used to fill in the prefabricated parts of the battery cell. The use of injectable hydrogel electrolytes enables semi-solid electrodes to possess special rheological properties as they are flowable during the fabrication process, while gelation of the electrolytes ensures their immobility during battery operation. Herein, poly(vinyl alcohol):gallic acid gels are investigated for aqueous Zn–LiFePO4 batteries. After evaluation of the effect of electrode formulation on the rheological properties as well as the ionic and electronic properties, simple-shape and UBU-shape batteries were fabricated using the best formulation. The prototype achieved areal capacities above 3 mA h cm−2, utilization rate between 150 and 180 mA h g−1 (LFP), and capacity fading of 0.2% h−1. While the prototype demonstrated the feasibility of the proposed fabrication process, improvements are still required. Shrinking of gel electrolytes and parasitic electrochemical reactions associated with the battery chemistry and the operation conditions are identified as the main challenges to be addressed for improving the performance. The authors acknowledge the financial support by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and NextGenerationEU (TED2021-131651B-C21 and TED2021-131651B-C22) and Ramón y Cajal award (Ministry of Science and Innovation and European Social Funds, RYC2018-026086-I). This work was supported by the Regional Government of Castilla y León (Junta de Castilla y León) and by the Ministry of Science and Innovation MICIN and the European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR (C17. I1). The Marie Sklodowska-Curie Research and Innovation Staff Exchanges (RISE) support under the grant agreement No 823989 “IONBIKE” is also greatly acknowledged. application/pdf eng Royal Society of Chemistry Energy Advances. 2023, V. 2, n. 11, p. 1872–1881 https://doi.org/10.1039/D3YA00333G info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/TED2021-131651B-C21/ES/Shape-free, easily-recyclable batteries based on gellable injectable electrodes/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/TED2021-131651B-C22/ES/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/RYC2018-026086-I/ES/ info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/823989/EU/IONGELS: FROM NEW CHEMISTRY TOWARD EMERGING APPLICATIONS/IONBIKE/ Atribución-NoComercial 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Análisis electroquímico Electroquímica Pilas eléctricas Electrochemical analysis Electrochemistry Electric batteries Semi-solid electrodes based on injectable hydrogel electrolytes for shape-conformable batteries info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion Energy Advances 2 11 1872 1881 THUMBNAIL Borlaf-ea_2023.pdf.jpg Borlaf-ea_2023.pdf.jpg IM Thumbnail image/jpeg 5010 https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/10281/4/Borlaf-ea_2023.pdf.jpg 8b2fc9376a71ad5af61d09e03c6214b5 MD5 4 LICENSE license.txt license.txt text/plain; charset=utf-8 999 https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/10281/3/license.txt b295bcbce42e2caabeb0c623d3860c06 MD5 3 CC-LICENSE license_rdf license_rdf application/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8 914 https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/10281/2/license_rdf 24013099e9e6abb1575dc6ce0855efd5 MD5 2 ORIGINAL Borlaf-ea_2023.pdf Borlaf-ea_2023.pdf application/pdf 2772673 https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/10281/1/Borlaf-ea_2023.pdf 5b98c8145fc4d221b957000c28a6483b MD5 1 10259/10281 oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/10281 2025-03-05 02:05:30.969 Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos bubrep@ubu.es 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