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<field name="value">Aydillo, Teresa</field>
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<field name="value">Ayllón Barasoain, Juan</field>
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<field name="value">Martinez-Romero, Carles</field>
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<field name="value">Mena, Ignacio</field>
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<field name="value">Moreira-Soto, Andrés</field>
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<field name="value">Corrales-Aguilar, Eugenia</field>
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<field name="value">Schwemmle, Martin</field>
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<field name="value">García Sastre, Adolfo</field>
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<field name="value">2025-10-06T09:17:52Z</field>
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<field name="value">2025-10-06T09:17:52Z</field>
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<field name="value">2018-03</field>
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<field name="value">0022-538X</field>
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<field name="value">https://hdl.handle.net/10259/10924</field>
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<field name="value">10.1128/JVI.02021-17</field>
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<field name="value">1098-5514</field>
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<field name="value">Recently, two new influenza A-like viruses have been discovered in bats, A/little yellow-shouldered bat/Guatemala/060/2010 (HL17NL10) and A/flat-faced bat/Peru/033/2010 (HL18NL11). The hemagglutinin (HA)-like (HL) and neuraminidase (NA)-like (NL) proteins of these viruses lack hemagglutination and neuraminidase activities, despite their sequence and structural homologies with the HA and NA proteins of conventional influenza A viruses. We have now investigated whether the NS1 proteins of the HL17NL10 and HL18NL11 viruses can functionally replace the NS1 protein of a conventional influenza A virus. For this purpose, we generated recombinant influenza A/Puerto Rico/8/1934 (PR8) H1N1 viruses containing the NS1 protein of the PR8 wild-type, HL17NL10, and HL18NL11 viruses. These viruses (r/NS1PR8, r/NS1HL17, and r/NS1HL18, respectively) were tested for replication in bat and nonbat mammalian cells and in mice. Our results demonstrate that the r/NS1HL17 and r/NS1HL18 viruses are attenuated in vitro and in vivo. However, the bat NS1 recombinant viruses showed a phenotype similar to that of the r/NS1PR8 virus in STAT1−/− human A549 cells and mice, both in vitro and in vivo systems being unable to respond to interferon (IFN). Interestingly, multiple mouse passages of the r/NS1HL17 and r/NS1HL18 viruses resulted in selection of mutant viruses containing single amino acid mutations in the viral PB2 protein. In contrast to the parental viruses, virulence and IFN antagonism were restored in the selected PB2 mutants. Our results indicate that the NS1 protein of bat influenza A-like viruses is less efficient than the NS1 protein of its conventional influenza A virus NS1 counterpart in antagonizing the IFN response and that this deficiency can be overcome by the influenza virus PB2 protein.</field>
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<field name="value">We thank Megan Shaw for the firefly luciferase-expressing viral minigenome construct pPoI-FFLuc-RT and Peter Palese for the anti-NS1-155 antibody. We also thank Jaime Tome for technical assistance. Microscopy was performed at the Microscopy CoRE at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.&#xd;
&#xd;
The study was supported by the Center for Research on Influenza Pathogenesis (CRIP), an NIAID-funded Center of Excellence for Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS contract number HHSN272201400008C to A.G.-S), by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SCHW632/15-1 to M.S.), and by FEES-CONARE VI-803-B4-656 and the European Union's Horizon 2020 to E.C.-A. (ZIKAlliance grant agreement no. 734548).&#xd;
&#xd;
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.</field>
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<field name="value">American Society for Microbiology</field>
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<field name="value">Journal of Virology. 2018, V. 14, n. 92, e02021-17</field>
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<field name="value">https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02021-17</field>
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<field name="value">Atribución 4.0 Internacional</field>
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<field name="value">NS1 protein</field>
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<field name="value">Specific Mutations in the PB2 Protein of Influenza A Virus Compensate for the Lack of Efficient Interferon Antagonism of the NS1 Protein of Bat Influenza A-Like Viruses</field>
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