2026-04-17T20:45:21Zhttps://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request
oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/114672026-03-06T01:05:30Zcom_10259.4_2539com_10259_5086com_10259_2604col_10259.4_2540
Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos author Kocher, Arthur author Papac, Luka author Barquera, Rodrigo author Key, Felix M. author Spyrou, Maria A. author Hübler, Ron author Rohrlach, Adam B. author Aron, Franziska author Stahl, Raphaela author Wissgott, Antje author van Bömmel, Florian author Pfefferkorn, Maria author Mittnik, Alissa author Villalba-Mouco, Vanessa author Neumann, Gunnar U. author Rivollat, Maïté author van de Loosdrecht, Marieke S. author Majander, Kerttu author Tukhbatova, Rezeda I. author Musralina, Lyazzat author Ghalichi, Ayshin author Penske, Sandra author Sabin, Susanna author Michel, Megan author Gretzinger, Joscha author Nelson, Elizabeth A. author Ferraz, Tiago author Nägele, Kathrin author Parker, Cody author Keller, Marcel author Guevara, Evelyn K. author Feldman, Michal author Eisenmann, Stefanie author Skourtanioti, Eirini author Giffin, Karen author Gnecchi-Ruscone, Guido Alberto author Friederich, Susanne author Schimmenti, Vittoria author Khartanovich, Valery author Karapetian, Marina K. author Chaplygin, Mikhail S. author Kufterin, Vladimir V. author Khokhlov, Aleksandr A. author Chizhevsky, Andrey A. author Stashenkov, Dmitry A. author Kochkina, Anna F. author Tejedor-Rodríguez, Cristina author de Lagrán, Íñigo García-Martínez author Arcusa-Magallón, Héctor author Garrido-Pena, Rafael author Royo-Guillén, José Ignacio author Nováček, Jan author Rottier, Stéphane author Kacki, Sacha author Saintot, Sylvie author Kaverzneva, Elena author Belinskiy, Andrej B. author Velemínský, Petr author Limburský, Petr author Kostka, Michal author Loe, Louise author Popescu, Elizabeth author Clarke, Rachel author Lyons, Alice author Mortimer, Richard author Sajantila, Antti author de Armas, Yadira Chinique author Hernandez Godoy, Silvia Teresita author Hernández-Zaragoza, Diana I. author Pearson, Jessica author Binder, Didier author Lefranc, Philippe author Kantorovich, Anatoly R. author Maslov, Vladimir E. author Lai, Luca author Zoledziewska, Magdalena author Beckett, Jessica F. author Langová, Michaela author Danielisová, Alžběta author Ingman, Tara author Atiénzar, Gabriel García author de Miguel Ibáñez, Maria Paz author Romero, Alejandro author Sperduti, Alessandra author Beckett, Sophie author Salter, Susannah J. author Zilivinskaya, Emma D. author Vasil’ev, Dmitry V. author von Heyking, Kristin author Burger, Richard L. author Salazar, Lucy C. author Amkreutz, Luc author Navruzbekov, Masnav author Rosenstock, Eva author Alonso-Fernández, Carmen author Slavchev, Vladimir author Kalmykov, Alexey A. author Atabiev, Biaslan Ch. author Batieva, Elena author Calmet, Micaela Alvarez author Llamas, Bastien author Schultz, Michael author Krauß, Raiko author Jiménez-Echevarría, Javier author Francken, Michael author Shnaider, Svetlana author de Knijff, Peter author Altena, Eveline author Van de Vijver, Katrien author Fehren-Schmitz, Lars author Tung, Tiffiny A. author Lösch, Sandra author Dobrovolskaya, Maria author Makarov, Nikolaj author Read, Chris author Van Twest, Melanie author Sagona, Claudia author Ramsl, Peter C. author Akar, Murat author Yener, K. Aslihan author Carmona Ballestero, Eduardo author Cucca, Francesco author Mazzarello, Vittorio author Utrilla, Pilar author Rademaker, Kurt author Fernández-Domínguez, Eva author Baird, Douglas author Semal, Patrick author Márquez-Morfín, Lourdes author Roksandic, Mirjana author Steiner, Hubert author Salazar-García, Domingo Carlos author Shishlina, Natalia author Erdal, Yilmaz Selim author Hallgren, Fredrik author Boyadzhiev, Yavor author Boyadzhiev, Kamen author Küßner, Mario author Sayer, Duncan author Onkamo, Päivi author Skeates, Robin author Rojo-Guerra, Manuel author Buzhilova, Alexandra author Khussainova, Elmira author Djansugurova, Leyla B. author Beisenov, Arman Z. author Samashev, Zainolla author Massy, Ken author Mannino, Marcello author Moiseyev, Vyacheslav author Mannermaa, Kristiina author Balanovsky, Oleg author Deguilloux, Marie-France author Reinhold, Sabine author Hansen, Svend author Kitov, Egor P. author Dobeš, Miroslav author Ernée, Michal author Meller, Harald author Alt, Kurt W. author Prüfer, Kay author Warinner, Christina author Schiffels, Stephan author Stockhammer, Philipp W. author Bos, Kirsten author Posth, Cosimo author Herbig, Alexander author Haak, Wolfgang author Krause, Johannes author Kühnert, Denise 2026-03-02T17:20:37Z 2026-03-02T17:20:37Z 2021-10 0036-8075 https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11467 10.1126/science.abi5658 1095-9203 Hepatitis B virus (HBV) has been infecting humans for millennia and remains a global health problem, but its past diversity and dispersal routes are largely unknown. We generated HBV genomic data from 137 Eurasians and Native Americans dated between ~10,500 and ~400 years ago. We date the most recent common ancestor of all HBV lineages to between ~20,000 and 12,000 years ago, with the virus present in European and South American hunter-gatherers during the early Holocene. After the European Neolithic transition, Mesolithic HBV strains were replaced by a lineage likely disseminated by early farmers that prevailed throughout western Eurasia for ~4000 years, declining around the end of the 2nd millennium BCE. The only remnant of this prehistoric HBV diversity is the rare genotype G, which appears to have reemerged during the HIV pandemic. eng Ten millennia of hepatitis B virus evolution info:eu-repo/semantics/article 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 URL https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/11467/1/Kocher_Science_2021.pdf File MD5 1bb76a2ed7e574b485092426451cef2a 2351776 application/pdf Kocher_Science_2021.pdf