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<title>Effect of Soil Amendments on the Enzymatic Profile of Soil when Nicotiana alata L. and Petunia hybrida L. were Irrigated with Synthetic Heavy Metal-contaminated Wastewater</title>
<creator>Khan, Aqib Hassan Ali</creator>
<creator>Kazmi, Syedah Zoya</creator>
<creator>Mirza, Cyrus Raza</creator>
<creator>Butt, Tayyab Ashfaq</creator>
<creator>Gul, Nida</creator>
<creator>Barros García, Rocío</creator>
<creator>Yousaf, Sohail</creator>
<creator>Iqbal, Mazhar</creator>
<subject>Petunia hybrida L.</subject>
<subject>Nicotiana alata L.</subject>
<subject>Soil amendments</subject>
<subject>Catalase</subject>
<subject>Dehydrogenase</subject>
<subject>Urease</subject>
<subject>Alkaline phosphatase</subject>
<description>The nutrient cycle and organic matter decomposition are catalyzed by soil enzymes. In this&#xd;
study, enzymatic activities of catalase, dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, and urease are studied in&#xd;
soils amended with compost (C), moss (M), or biochar (B) and irrigated with heavy metal-contaminated&#xd;
wastewater (HM-CW), when Nicotiana alata L. and Petunia hybrida L. was grown in pots. The irrigation&#xd;
of HM-CW reduced the soil enzyme activities. However, combined used of 5% M+C+B, results in&#xd;
the improved soil enzyme activities. In case of N. alata and P. hybrida, catalase activity was 222.03 ±&#xd;
9.24 and 402.34 ± 10.48 mg KMnO4 g-1 soil h-1, respectively, with M+C+B, which was up to 94%&#xd;
higher than non-amended treatment. Similarly, the M+C+B treatment also showed higher activity for&#xd;
dehydrogenase i.e., 180.24 ± 6.95, and 156.79 ± 8.31 μg TPF g-1 soil h-1 for N. alata and P. hybrida,&#xd;
respectively, that were 73% and 49% higher than non-amended treatment. Alkaline phosphatase&#xd;
production (μg p-nitrophenol g-1 soil h-1) for N. alata with M+C+B was 40.10 ± 1.92 and with C+B&#xd;
was 38.41 ± 2.00, while for P. hybrida with M+C+B was 39.33 ± 2.05, which is signifi cantly higher&#xd;
as compared with the non-amended treatment. Urease activity at M+C+B application in soil with&#xd;
P. hybrida was 83.22 ± 5.54 mg urea g-1 soil h-1, which was much higher than that of N. alata. In general&#xd;
enzyme activity enhanced in the soil with N. alata or P. hybrida along with soil amendments. It shows&#xd;
that application of these organic amendments individually or in combination with N. alata or P. hybrida&#xd;
increased enzyme activities possibly through affecting soil nutrient dynamics</description>
<date>2026-05-27</date>
<date>2026-05-27</date>
<date>2023-01</date>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<identifier>0125-2526</identifier>
<identifier>https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11741</identifier>
<identifier>10.12982/CMJS.2023.008</identifier>
<identifier>2465-3845</identifier>
<language>eng</language>
<relation>Chiang Mai Journal of Science. 2023, V. 50, n. 1</relation>
<relation>https://doi.org/10.12982/CMJS.2023.008</relation>
<rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</rights>
<rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights>
<rights>Atribución 4.0 Internacional</rights>
<publisher>Chiang Mai University</publisher>
</thesis></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>