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Trigueros Andrés, Ester Alonso Riaño, Patricia Ramos Rodríguez, Cipriano Diop, Cherif Ibrahima Khalil Beltrán Calvo, Sagrario Sanz Díez, Mª Teresa Subcritical water hydrolysis (subW) Heating Residence time Biorefinery Macroalgae by-products Bio compounds The valorization of the underexploited solid residue after agar extraction from red marine algae was studied by subcritical water treatment. Experiments were carried out in two different semi-continuous fix-bed reactor configurations at 185 ºC at different subcritical water residence times. The use of a by-pass section allowed to heat the water previous contact to the biomass, avoiding the exposure of the sample to high temperatures during the heating procedure and reducing the formation of degradation products. Higher hydrolysis yields were obtained for the protein fraction (reaching 96.1%) than for the carbohydrate fraction (reaching 45.7%, 11.3%, 27.5% and 57.6% for galactans, glucans, arabinans and uronic acids, respectively). With the decrease of the residence time, by increasing the flow rate, higher initial hydrolysis rates were obtained due to enhancing diffusion of the hydrolysis products into the bulk solution. It was determined a similar dependence of the initial hydrolysis rates on the residence time for the carbohydrate oligomers and total protein fraction, but the release of free amino acids was less dependent on increasing flow rate due to higher diffusion coefficients for small molecules. 2021-12-13 2021-12-13 2021-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2213-3437 http://hdl.handle.net/10259/6282 10.1016/j.jece.2021.106768 eng Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering. 2021, V. 9, n. 6, 106768 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2021.106768 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-104950RB-I00/ES/VALORIZACION DE SUBPRODUCTOS MARINOS MEDIANTE TECNOLOGIAS DE FLUIDOS SUB- Y SUPERCRITICOS PARA LA OBTENCION DE BIOCOMPUESTOS VALIOSOS info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Junta de Castilla y León//BU301P18//Valorización integral de subproductos de la industria agroalimentaria mediante tecnologías emergentes (ALVALOR) info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Junta de Castilla y León//BU050P20//Valorización de la fracción proteica de subproductos de la industria agroalimentaria de Castilla y León mediante tecnologías de fluidos presurizados info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/898804/EU/Sustainable Valorization Of The Algae Industry Waste-Stream Within An Advanced Clean Technologies-Based Integrated Biorefinery Concept http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Atribución 4.0 Internacional Elsevier