2026-05-23T20:13:53Zhttps://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request

oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/75072023-04-18T09:56:28Zcom_10259_4862com_10259_5086com_10259_2604col_10259_4863

Characterization of Planktochlorella nurekis Extracts and Virucidal Activity against a Coronavirus Model, the Murine Coronavirus 3 Graff Reis, Jacqueline Dai Prá, Isabella Michelon, William Viancelli, Aline Piedrahita Marquez, David Guillermo Schmitz, Caroline Maraschin, Marcelo Moura, Sidnei Thaís Silva, Izabella Oliveira Costa, Geovanna de Tizziani, Tiago Sandjo, Louis P. Rodríguez Lázaro, David Fongaro, Gislaine Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 Murine coronavirus Metabolomic approach NMR biomarkers UPLC-MS Viricidal activity Antiviral activity Microbiología Microbiology Certain members of the Coronaviridae family have emerged as zoonotic agents and have recently caused severe respiratory diseases in humans and animals, such as SARS, MERS, and, more recently, COVID-19. Antivirals (drugs and antiseptics) capable of controlling viruses at the site of infection are scarce. Microalgae from the Chlorellaceae family are sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, antiviral, and antitumor activity. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate various extracts from Planktochlorella nurekis in vitro against murine coronavirus-3 (MHV-3), which is an essential human coronavirus surrogate for laboratory assays. Methanol, hexane, and dichloromethane extracts of P. nurekis were tested in cells infected with MHV-3, and characterized by UV-vis spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraperformance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and the application of chemometrics through principal component analysis (PCA). All the extracts were highly efficient against MHV-3 (more than a 6 Log unit reduction), regardless of the solvent used or the concentration of the extract, but the dichloromethane extract was the most effective. Chemical characterization by spectrophotometry and NMR, with the aid of statistical analysis, showed that polyphenols, carbohydrates, and isoprene derivatives, such as terpenes and carotenoids have a more significant impact on the virucidal potential. Compounds identified by UPLC-MS were mainly lipids and only found in the dichloromethane extract. These results open new biotechnological possibilities to explore the biomass of P. nurekis; it is a natural extract and shows low cytotoxicity and an excellent antiviral effect, with low production costs, highlighting a promising potential for development and implementation of therapies against coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2. This research was funded LVA-MIP-CCB-UFSC/Sigpex: 201917940, and CNPq, CAPES-DS. 2023-03-08T08:13:19Z 2023-03-08T08:13:19Z 2022-11 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7507 10.3390/ijerph192315823 1660-4601 eng International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2022, V. 19, n. 23, 15823 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315823 info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/UFSC//201917940/BR/ Atribución 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess application/pdf MDPI