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<dc:title>Subcritical Water as Pretreatment Technique for Bioethanol Production from Brewer’s Spent Grain within a Biorefinery Concept</dc:title>
<dc:creator>Alonso Riaño, Patricia</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Amândio, Mariana S.T.</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Xavier, Ana María Rebelo Barreto</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Beltrán Calvo, Sagrario</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Sanz Díez, Mª Teresa</dc:creator>
<dc:subject>Subcritical water pretreatment</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Brewer's spent grain</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Lignocellulosic biomass</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>High solids' loading</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Separate hydrolysis and fermentation</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Ingeniería química</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Chemical engineering</dc:subject>
<dc:description>Bioeconomy and environmental issues envisage industrial by-products such as Brewer’s&#xd;
spent grain (BSG) as renewable resources for their recycling and reuse within a biorefinery concept.&#xd;
This study aimed to investigate the production of bioethanol from subcritical water (subW) pretreated&#xd;
BSG, following the conversion of the BSG biopolymers cellulose and hemicelluloses. The subW&#xd;
pretreatment was performed in a batch reactor at 174 ◦C, during 60 min and 5% (w/v) of dry BSG&#xd;
charge. The behavior of BSG biopolymers under subW pretreatment was monitored by evaluating&#xd;
the chemical composition of the liquid and solid streams and the chemical and structural changes&#xd;
caused in the solid residues by scanning electron microscope (SEM), CHNS elemental analysis&#xd;
and water retention value (WRV). The production of bioethanol from subW-pretreated BSG was&#xd;
assessed by separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF) and also by simultaneous saccharification&#xd;
and fermentation (SSF) by using the enzymatic cocktail Celluclast 1.5 L (40 FPU/gsolids) and the yeast&#xd;
Ethanol Red®. The higher bioethanol productivity (1.073 g·L&#xd;
−1&#xd;
·h&#xd;
−1&#xd;
) and concentration (32.18 g/L)&#xd;
were achieved by SSF with higher solids’ loading (25%) and following a fed-batch strategy. These&#xd;
results suggest that subcritical water pretreatment is a promising technology for the valorization of&#xd;
BSG as a feedstock for second-generation bioethanol production.</dc:description>
<dc:description>This work was supported by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación (ES) [grant numbers PID2019–104950RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, TED2021–129311B-I00 and PDC2022–133443-I00] and the Junta de Castilla y León (JCyL) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) [grant number BU050P20]. The P. Alonso-Riaño predoctoral contract was funded by JCyL and the European Social Fund (ESF) by ORDEN EDU/556/2019, de 5 de junio. This work was also developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (PT), UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 &amp; LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC).</dc:description>
<dc:date>2023-03-10T10:59:50Z</dc:date>
<dc:date>2023-03-10T10:59:50Z</dc:date>
<dc:date>2022-11</dc:date>
<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</dc:type>
<dc:identifier>http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7526</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>10.3390/polym14235218</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>2073-4360</dc:identifier>
<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
<dc:relation>Polymers. 2022, V. 14, n. 23, 5218</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>https://doi.org/10.3390/polym14235218</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica y Técnica y de Innovación 2017-2020/PID2019-104950RB-I00/ES/VALORIZACION DE SUBPRODUCTOS MARINOS MEDIANTE TECNOLOGIAS DE FLUIDOS SUB- Y SUPERCRITICOS PARA LA OBTENCION DE BIOCOMPUESTOS VALIOSOS/</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/TED2021-129311B-I00/ES/Tecnologías verdes basadas en el empleo de fluidos presurizados para valorizar biomasa lignocelulósica mediante la producción de furfural/</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/AEI/Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021-2023/PDC2022-133443-I00/ES/Diseño de un prototipo para la extracción de bioproductos con agua subcrítica/</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/Junta de Castilla y León//BU050P20//Valorización de la fracción proteica de subproductos de la industria agroalimentaria de Castilla y León mediante tecnologías de fluidos presurizados/</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//UIDP%2F50011%2F2020/PT/</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//LA%2FP%2F0006%2F2020/PT/</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/FCT//UIDB%2F50011%2F2020/PT/</dc:relation>
<dc:rights>Atribución 4.0 Internacional</dc:rights>
<dc:rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</dc:rights>
<dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
<dc:format>application/pdf</dc:format>
<dc:publisher>MDPI</dc:publisher>
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