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<field name="value">Parra de la Parra, Sandra de la</field>
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<field name="value">Garroni, Sebastiano</field>
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<field name="value">Poddighe, Matteo</field>
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<field name="value">Fuente Vivas, Dalia de la</field>
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<field name="value">2024-07-26T10:53:21Z</field>
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<field name="value">2024-07-26T10:53:21Z</field>
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<field name="value">10.1016/j.tox.2024.153783</field>
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<field name="value">Despite the wide application of graphene-based materials, the information of the toxicity associated to some specific derivatives such as aminated graphene oxide is scarce. Likewise, most of these studies analyse the pristine materials, while the available data regarding the harmful effects of degraded forms is very limited. In this work, the toxicity of graphene oxide (GO), aminated graphene oxide (GO-NH2), and their respective degraded forms (dGO and dGO-NH2) obtained after being submitted to high-intensity sonication was evaluated applying in vitro assays in different models of human exposure. Viability and ROS assays were performed on A549 and HT29 cells, while their skin irritation potential was tested on a reconstructed human epidermis model. The obtained results showed that GO-NH2 and dGO-NH2 substantially decrease cell viability in the lung and gastrointestinal models, being this reduction slightly higher in the cells exposed to the degraded forms. In contrast, this parameter was not affected by GO and dGO which, conversely, showed the ability to induce higher levels of ROS than the pristine and degraded aminated forms. Furthermore, none of the materials is skin irritant. Altogether, these results provide new insights about the potential harmful effects of the selected graphene-based nanomaterials in comparison with their degraded counterparts.</field>
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<field name="value">This work was supported by the Junta de Castilla y Leon-FEDER grant Nº  BU058P20  (NANOCOMP), and by the European Union’s H2020 research and innovation programme, under the grant agreement No  953152  (DIAGONAL). The scholarship of Matteo Poddighe received financial support within the activities of the PhD program in Chemical and Technological Sciences. We thank Graphenea for kindly providing us with the pristine GO and GO-NH2 nanomaterials.</field>
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<field name="value">eng</field>
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<field name="value">Toxicology. 2024, V. 504, 153783</field>
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<field name="value">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2024.153783</field>
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<field name="value">Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional</field>
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<field name="value">A549 cells</field>
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<field name="value">Physical degradation</field>
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<field name="value">Química analítica</field>
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<field name="value">Comparative toxicological analysis of two pristine carbon nanomaterials (graphene oxide and aminated graphene oxide) and their corresponding degraded forms using human in vitro models</field>
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