RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Fayalite slag and municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash as sand replacement in cement mortar: Physical, mechanical, and durability properties
A1 Adediran, Adeolu
A1 Asaam, Nana
A1 Manso Morato, Javier
A1 Avci, Erdi
A1 Perumal, Priyadharshini
K1 Fayalite slag
K1 Bottom ash
K1 Cement mortar
K1 Alkali–silica reaction
K1 Freeze-thaw
K1 Sulfate and chloride
K1 Construction application
K1 Residuos industriales-Reciclado
K1 Factory and trade waste-Recycling
K1 Mortero (Materiales de construcción)
K1 Cement
AB Approximately 300,000 tons of municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash (BA) and 600,000tons of fayalite slag (FS) are generated annually in Finland from metallurgical and incinerationprocesses, with the majority of them disposed of in landfills or used in low-value applications.This study investigated the potential upcycling of FS and BA as sand replacements in cementbasedmortars to avoid landfilling, conserve natural resources, and ensure efficient use of industrialresidues. Standard sand (SS) was used as the main fine aggregate. The effect of replacingSS partly or wholly with either FS or BA was investigated through workability, compressivestrength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), scanning electron microscope analysis, capillary waterabsorption, alkali–silica reaction (ASR), freeze-thaw cycles in water, and combined sodium sulfateand sodium chloride solution exposure. The aggregates’ leaching results were below thevalues stipulated by Finnish and EU regulations. Partial or full replacement of SS with either FS orBA resulted in lower workability. Full replacement of SS with FS resulted in comparable propertiesto the reference mix in terms of compressive strength, UPV, and capillary water absorption.Meanwhile, partial replacement of SS with FS resulted in higher compressive strength and UPVbut reduced water absorption. In contrast, partial or full replacement of SS with BA resulted inlower compressive strength and UPV, as well as increased water absorption compared with thereference mix. All samples remained stable after exposure to freeze-thaw cycles in water. However,only the reference samples and samples containing 50% replacement of SS with either FS orBA were stable after exposure to freeze-thaw cycles in a combined sulfate and chloride solution,whereas those containing 100% FS or BA were completely degraded. Of all the aggregates, onlyFS satisfied the 14-day ASR requirements according to the ASTM C1260 standard, achieving a lowexpansion rate of 0.009%.
PB Elsevier
SN 2352-7102
YR 2026
FD 2026-05
LK https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11830
UL https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11830
LA eng
NO This work was done as part of Ar2CorD project (NPA0100039) funded by Interreg Northern Periphery and Arctic. Adeolu Adediran gratefully acknowledges funding from Finnish Cultural Foundation for his postdoctoral research. The authors gratefully acknowledge the Centre for Material Analysis, University of Oulu, Finland for assistance with data analysis.
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos
RD 10-jun-2026