2026-09-11T03:58:05Zhttps://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request

oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/103282025-03-14T01:05:32Zcom_10259.4_2560com_10259_5086com_10259_2604col_10259.4_2561

Vernet Tarrago, Eva Carrancho Alonso, Ángel Calvo Rathert, Manuel Arróniz, Leyre Yamamoto, Yuhji Bógalo Román, Mª Felicidad Fonseca de la Torre, Héctor Juan 2025-03-13T13:53:03Z 2025-03-13T13:53:03Z 2025-04 2027-02-23 2352-409X http://hdl.handle.net/10259/10328 10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105059 During the course of the excavations of the Early Iron Age site of El Castillar (northern Spain), a well-preserved burnt level was discovered. The wide time interval provided by four 14C dates (ca. 800–––416 BCE) offered a good opportunity to perform a full-vector archaeomagnetic study to date the last heating and site abandonment. These studies analyze the remanent magnetization acquired by ferromagnetic minerals after a heating event. For this purpose, eight magnetically oriented hand blocks were collected, and we performed a suite of rock-magnetic experiments and X-ray diffraction analyses along with paleomagnetic and archaeointensity determinations with the Thellier-Coe and Tsunakawa-Shaw methods. Paleomagnetic analyses yielded a mean direction of Declination = 14.9˚ and Inclination = 58.6˚ (α95 = 4.1˚, k = 214, n = 7/8). Successful archaeointensity results were obtained with the Thellier-Coe method, which yielded a mean intensity value of 64.3 ± 1.8 µT (VADM = (10.8 ± 0.3)*1022 Am2). The main magnetic carrier is magnetite with Mg-cation substitutions. A full-vector archaeomagnetic dating, using the SCHA.DIF.4 k geomagnetic model and the Iberian Iron Age PSVC (at 95 % confidence), suggested different compatible age intervals. The youngest is the archaeologically most consistent one, which narrows the dating range to only a few decades according to the Iberian − Iron Age PSVC (685–––655 yr BCE). The relatively high intensity values obtained are compatible with the occurrence of the Levantine Iron Age Anomaly (LIAA) in Western Europe, although not at its highest values. The potential of archaeomagnetism over other dating techniques to accurately date Early Iron Age combustion events is demonstrated. This research has been supported by project PID2019105796GB-I00 of the Agencia Estatal de Investigaci´ on (Spain) and project BU037P23 of the Junta de Castilla y Le´ on (Spain) and the European Regional Development Fund. Eva Vernet Tarrag´ o acknowledges funding from PRE2020-094803 (Agencia Estatal de Investigaci´ on, Spain) contract. application/pdf eng Elsevier Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports. 2025, V. 62, p. 105059 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jasrep.2025.105059 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess Archaeomagnetism Archaeointensity Secular variation Thermoremanence Chronology Paleomagnetismo Arqueología Paleontología Paleomagnetism Archaeology Paleontology Full vector archaeomagnetic dating of an Early Iron Age archaeological settlement: El Castillar site (Navarra, northern Spain) info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports 62 105059