2026-04-27T14:21:14Zhttps://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request

oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/113352026-02-07T01:05:29Zcom_10259_4363com_10259_5086com_10259_2604col_10259_4364

Advanced strategies in the design of Ir(III) biscyclometalated complexes for PDT Sanz Villafruela, Juan Carbayo Martín, Mª Aránzazu Martínez Alonso, Marta Espino Ordóñez, Gustavo Cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes Medicinal chemistry Anticancer Photodynamic therapy PDT Bioinorganic chemistry Farmacología Oncología Pharmacology Oncology Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a slightly invasive modality of chemotherapy that is arising as a new alternative for the clinical treatment of cancer and other illnesses. This therapy is based on the use of a photosensitiser (PS) which can be activated locally and specifically upon light irradiation to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) which damage key biomolecules, leading to cancer cell death and tumour regression. This control in the cytotoxicity thanks to the activation of the PS, benefits from a reduction of the undesirable side-effects of the common chemotherapeutics. Among the wide variety of photosensitisers, Ir(III) complexes stand out due to their exceptional photophysical properties and high photostability. In the last years, there have been substantial advances in the development of new Ir(III) scaffolds that have allowed to overcome some of the limitations of PDT and might contribute to a wider clinical development. In this review, we feature the latest and cutting-edge strategies that have been recently employed in the design of new Ir(III) complexes to increase both their light harvesting ability in the therapeutic window and their photodynamic efficiency, to achieve a better biocompatibility, to increase the selectivity towards cancer cells or specific organelles and the possibility of using a combination of PDT with other advanced therapies to enhance the therapeutic effect. The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the MCIN/AEI of Spain (PID2021-127187OB-C21). We acknowledge Universidad de Burgos for postdoctoral and predoctoral grants Burgos (M.M.A, 2021/00002/001/001, María Zambrano grant, funded by European Union - NextGenerationEU and J.S.V., 2019/00002/008/001). info:eu-repo/date/embargoEnd/2027-03-14 2026-02-06T12:02:52Z 2026-02-06T12:02:52Z 2025-07 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersion 0010-8545 https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11335 10.1016/j.ccr.2025.216572 eng Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 2025, V. 534, 216572 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2025.216572 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internacional http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess application/pdf Elsevier