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<dc:title>Ammonia‐Annealed TiO2 as a Negative Electrode Material in Li‐Ion Batteries: N Doping or Oxygen Deficiency?</dc:title>
<dc:creator>Ventosa Arbaizar, Edgar</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Xia, Wei</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Klink, Stefan</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>La Mantia, Fabio</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Mei, Bastian</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Muhler, Martin</dc:creator>
<dc:creator>Schuhmann, Wolfgang</dc:creator>
<dc:subject>High C rate</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Lithium-ion battery</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Nitrogen dopant</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Oxygen deficiency</dc:subject>
<dc:subject>Titanium dioxide</dc:subject>
<dcterms:abstract>Improving the chemical diffusion of Li ions in anatase TiO2 is essential to enhance its rate capability as a negative electrode for Li-ion batteries. Ammonia annealing has been used to improve the rate capability of Li4Ti5O12. Similarly, ammonia annealing improves the Li-ion storage performance of anatase TiO2 in terms of the stability upon cycling and the C-rate capability. In order to distinguish whether N doping or oxygen deficiencies, both introduced upon ammonia annealing, are more relevant for the observed improvement, a systematic electrochemical study was performed. The results suggest that the creation of oxygen vacancies upon ammonia annealing is the main reason for the improvement of the stability and C-rate capability.</dcterms:abstract>
<dcterms:dateAccepted>2026-02-17T08:58:05Z</dcterms:dateAccepted>
<dcterms:available>2026-02-17T08:58:05Z</dcterms:available>
<dcterms:created>2026-02-17T08:58:05Z</dcterms:created>
<dcterms:issued>2013-10</dcterms:issued>
<dc:type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</dc:type>
<dc:identifier>0947-6539</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>https://hdl.handle.net/10259/11373</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>10.1002/chem.201302306</dc:identifier>
<dc:identifier>1521-3765</dc:identifier>
<dc:language>eng</dc:language>
<dc:relation>Chemistry. A European Journal. 2013, V. 19, n. 42, p. 14194-14199</dc:relation>
<dc:relation>https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201302306</dc:relation>
<dc:rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</dc:rights>
<dc:publisher>Wiley</dc:publisher>
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