<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-10-11T23:16:16Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/12260" metadataPrefix="xoai">https://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/12260</identifier><datestamp>2026-10-10T00:05:28Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_10259_11544</setSpec><setSpec>com_10259_5086</setSpec><setSpec>com_10259_2604</setSpec><setSpec>col_10259_11545</setSpec></header><metadata><metadata xmlns="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai http://www.lyncode.com/xsd/xoai.xsd">
<element name="dc">
<element name="contributor">
<element name="author">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">Martín García, Juan José</field>
<field name="authority">592</field>
<field name="confidence">600</field>
<field name="orcid_id">0000-0002-5759-4781</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="date">
<element name="accessioned">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">2026-10-09T08:56:30Z</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="available">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">2026-10-09T08:56:30Z</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="issued">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">2022-10</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="embargoEndDate">
<element name="none"/>
</element>
</element>
<element name="identifier">
<element name="issn">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">0212-0267</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="uri">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">https://hdl.handle.net/10259/12260</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="doi">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">10.14201/hedu2022247270</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="essn">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">2386-3846</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="description">
<element name="abstract">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">A pesar de situarse en puestos sobresalientes a nivel nacional, la educación&#xd;
primaria en Castilla y León a mediados del siglo xix adoleció de evidentes taras&#xd;
cuantitativas y cualitativas: escasez de escuelas, principalmente en las zonas rurales;&#xd;
escolarización limitada, con fuertes contrastes interprovinciales, escorada por&#xd;
sexos y poco atractiva para gran parte de familias; deficiente y parcial formación del&#xd;
profesorado, con una dotación económica totalmente insuficiente; y metodologías&#xd;
anticuadas que consolidaron posturas retardatarias. A pesar de los años transcurridos&#xd;
desde los ideales postulados educativos del primer liberalismo, mediante el Diccionario&#xd;
de Madoz visualizaremos un cuadro decepcionante que tardará décadas en&#xd;
modernizarse y convertirse en pilar básico del desarrollo socioeconómico regional.</field>
</element>
<element name="en">
<field name="value">Although significantly better than in many other Spanish regions,&#xd;
primary education in mid-nineteenth-century Castilla y León suffered a range of limitations: a lack of schools, above all in rural areas; limited assistance, with marked&#xd;
provincial differences, often conditioned by gender and domestic opposition to&#xd;
schooling; a poorly trained and woefully funded teaching cadre; and old-fashioned&#xd;
methodologies that tended to entrench backward-looking mentalities. Despite the&#xd;
educational ideals long espoused by the early liberal movement, in Madoz’s Dictionary&#xd;
we observe a depressing situation that would still take decades to modernise&#xd;
and develop into one of the pillars of regional social-economic advance</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="format">
<element name="mimetype">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">application/pdf</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="language">
<element name="iso">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">spa</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="publisher">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">Universidad de Salamanca</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="relation">
<element name="ispartof">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">Historia de la educación: Revista interuniversitaria. 2022, N. 41, p. 247-270</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="publisherversion">
<element name="none">
<field name="value">https://doi.org/10.14201/hedu2022247270</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="rights">
<element name="*">
<field name="value">Atribución 4.0 Internacional</field>
</element>
<element name="uri">
<element name="*">
<field name="value">http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="accessRights">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="subject">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">Primera educación</field>
<field name="value">Castilla y León</field>
<field name="value">Siglo XIX</field>
<field name="value">Diccionario de Madoz</field>
<field name="value">Frustración</field>
</element>
<element name="other">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">Educación de la primera infancia</field>
</element>
<element name="en">
<field name="value">Early childhood education</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="title">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">La primera educación en Castilla y León a mediados del siglo XIX a través de "Diccionario" de Madoz</field>
</element>
<element name="alternative">
<element name="en">
<field name="value">Primary Education in Mid-Nineteenth-Century&#xd;
Castilla y León according to Madoz’s Dictionary</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="type">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">info:eu-repo/semantics/article</field>
</element>
<element name="hasVersion">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="journal">
<element name="title">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">Historia de la educación: Revista interuniversitaria</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="issue">
<element name="number">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">41</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="page">
<element name="initial">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">247</field>
</element>
</element>
<element name="final">
<element name="es">
<field name="value">270</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="bundles">
<element name="bundle">
<field name="name">THUMBNAIL</field>
<element name="bitstreams">
<element name="bitstream">
<field name="name">Martin-he_2022.pdf.jpg</field>
<field name="originalName">Martin-he_2022.pdf.jpg</field>
<field name="description">IM Thumbnail</field>
<field name="format">image/jpeg</field>
<field name="size">4277</field>
<field name="url">https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/12260/4/Martin-he_2022.pdf.jpg</field>
<field name="checksum">10cb488810e01516cdded32404937613</field>
<field name="checksumAlgorithm">MD5</field>
<field name="sid">4</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="bundle">
<field name="name">LICENSE</field>
<element name="bitstreams">
<element name="bitstream">
<field name="name">license.txt</field>
<field name="originalName">license.txt</field>
<field name="format">text/plain; charset=utf-8</field>
<field name="size">1362</field>
<field name="url">https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/12260/3/license.txt</field>
<field name="checksum">5d013bfa6e473ff0db22cd82a4d71a70</field>
<field name="checksumAlgorithm">MD5</field>
<field name="sid">3</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="bundle">
<field name="name">CC-LICENSE</field>
<element name="bitstreams">
<element name="bitstream">
<field name="name">license_rdf</field>
<field name="originalName">license_rdf</field>
<field name="format">application/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8</field>
<field name="size">908</field>
<field name="url">https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/12260/2/license_rdf</field>
<field name="checksum">0175ea4a2d4caec4bbcc37e300941108</field>
<field name="checksumAlgorithm">MD5</field>
<field name="sid">2</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="bundle">
<field name="name">ORIGINAL</field>
<element name="bitstreams">
<element name="bitstream">
<field name="name">Martin-he_2022.pdf</field>
<field name="originalName">Martin-he_2022.pdf</field>
<field name="description"/>
<field name="format">application/pdf</field>
<field name="size">396820</field>
<field name="url">https://riubu.ubu.es/bitstream/10259/12260/1/Martin-he_2022.pdf</field>
<field name="checksum">adb09cb2dd97847e0aa210d207b52487</field>
<field name="checksumAlgorithm">MD5</field>
<field name="sid">1</field>
</element>
</element>
</element>
</element>
<element name="others">
<field name="handle">10259/12260</field>
<field name="identifier">oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/12260</field>
<field name="lastModifyDate">2026-10-10 02:05:28.789</field>
</element>
<element name="repository">
<field name="name">Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos</field>
<field name="mail">bubrep@ubu.es</field>
</element>
<element name="license">
<field name="bin">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</field>
</element>
</metadata></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>