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<mods:namePart>Davidson, Rebecca K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Antunes, Wilson .</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Madslien, Elisabeth H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Belenguer, José</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Gerevini, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Torroba Pérez, Tomás</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Prugger, Raffaello</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateAccessioned encoding="iso8601">2017-03-15T11:58:02Z</mods:dateAccessioned>
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<mods:abstract>Purpose – Consumer confidence in the European food industry has been shaken by a number of recent&#xd;
scandals due to food fraud and accidental contamination, reminding the authors that deliberate incidents can&#xd;
occur. Food defence methods aim to prevent or mitigate deliberate attacks on the food supply chain but are&#xd;
not a legal requirement. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how proactive and reactive food defence&#xd;
practices can help prevent or mitigate malicious attacks on the food chain and also food fraud, food crime and&#xd;
food safety. The authors look at how food defence differs from food safety and how it contributes to food&#xd;
supply chain integrity.&#xd;
Design/methodology/approach – Food defence has been the focus of two different EU FP7 security&#xd;
projects, EDEN and SNIFFER. Food industry stakeholders participated in workshops and demonstrations on&#xd;
food defence and relevant technology was tested in different food production scenarios.&#xd;
Findings – Food industry end-users reported a lack of knowledge regarding food defence practices. They&#xd;
wished for further guidelines and training on risk assessment as well as access to validated test methods.&#xd;
Novel detection tools and methods showed promise with authentication, identification, measurement,&#xd;
assessment and control at multiple levels of the food supply chain prior to distribution and retail.&#xd;
Practical implications – The prevention of a contamination incident, prior to retail, costs less than dealing&#xd;
with a large foodborne disease outbreak. Food defence should therefore be integral to food supply chain&#xd;
integrity and not just an afterthought in the wake of an incident.&#xd;
Originality/value – It is argued that food defence practices have a vital role to play across the board in&#xd;
unintentional and intentional food contamination incidents. The application of these methods can help ensure&#xd;
food supply chain integrity.</mods:abstract>
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<mods:topic>Food safety</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Food security</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Fraud</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Terrorism</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Food defence</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Public perception</mods:topic>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>From food defence to food supply chain integrity</mods:title>
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