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<mods:namePart>Simón Martín, Miguel de</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Diez Mediavilla, Montserrat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Alonso Tristán, Cristina</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateAccessioned encoding="iso8601">2017-06-14T09:32:50Z</mods:dateAccessioned>
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<mods:identifier type="issn">2333-8334</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="uri">http://hdl.handle.net/10259/4496</mods:identifier>
<mods:abstract>Grid connected PV systems, or GCPVS, produce clean and renewable energy through the&#xd;
photovoltaic e ect in the operation stage of the power plant. However, this is the penultimate stage of&#xd;
the facilities before its dismantlement. Before starting generating electricity with zero CO2 emissions,&#xd;
a negative energy balance exists mainly because of the embodied energy costs of the PV components&#xd;
manufacturing, transport and late dismantlement.&#xd;
First, a review of existing studies about energy life cycle assessment (LCA) and Carbon Footprint&#xd;
of PV systems has been carried out in this paper. Then, a new method to evaluate the Real Energy&#xd;
Payback Time (REPBT), which includes power looses due to PV panels degradation is proposed and&#xd;
di erences with traditional Energy Payback Time are analysed. Finally, a typical PV grid connected&#xd;
plant (100 kW nominal power) located in Northern Spain is studied in these sustainability terms. This&#xd;
facility has been firstly completely modelled, including PV modules, inverters, structures and wiring.&#xd;
It has been also considerated the energy involved in the replacement of those components with shorter&#xd;
lifespan. The PV panels degradation has been analysed through the comparison of normalised flash&#xd;
test reports on a significant sample of the installed modules before and 5 years after installation.&#xd;
Results show that real PV degradation a ect significantly to the Energy Payback Time of the installation&#xd;
increasing slightly a 4:2% more the EPBT value for the case study. However, along a lifespan&#xd;
of 30 years, the GCPVS under analysis will return only 5:6 times the inverted energy on components&#xd;
manufacturing, transport and installation, rather than the expected 9:1 times with the classical estimation.</mods:abstract>
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<mods:topic>Grid connected PV systems</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Real Energy Payback Time</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Life Cycle Assessment</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>PV degradation</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Carbon Footprint</mods:topic>
</mods:subject>
<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>clean energy</mods:topic>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Real energy payback time and carbon footprint of a GCPVS</mods:title>
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