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<title>Influence of Graphene Nanosheets on Thermo-Physical and Tribological Properties of Sustainable Cutting Fluids for MQL Application in Machining Processes</title>
<creator>Baldin, Vitor</creator>
<creator>Ribeiro da Silva, Leonardo Rosa</creator>
<creator>Valentim Gelamo, Rogério</creator>
<creator>Bustillo Iglesias, Andrés</creator>
<creator>Bautista da Silva, Rosemar</creator>
<creator>Khanna, Navneet</creator>
<creator>Rocha Machado, Alisson</creator>
<subject>Graphene nanoparticles</subject>
<subject>Reciprocate sliding</subject>
<subject>Lubricity of cutting fluids</subject>
<subject>Ramp milling test</subject>
<subject>Vegetable-based cutting fluid</subject>
<description>The growing need to increase productivity and pressures for more sustainable manufacturing processes lead to a shift to less harmful lubrication systems that are less harmful to nature and the&#xd;
people involved. The minimal quantity lubrication system (MQL) stands out in this respect, especially&#xd;
in interrupted cutting processes such as milling, due to the cutting interface’s highly dynamic and&#xd;
chaotic nature. Using graphene sheets in cutting fluids also increases the efficiency of machining&#xd;
processes. This work investigates the influence on thermophysical and tribological properties of&#xd;
concentrations of 0.05 wt% and 0.1 wt% of graphene sheets in two vegetable-based and one mineralbased cutting fluids. The fluids are first characterized (viscosity, thermal conductivity, diffusivity, and&#xd;
wettability) and tested in reciprocating and ramp milling tests; all experiments are based on norms.&#xd;
The results show that the experiments with cutting fluids (with and without graphene) showed better&#xd;
tribological behavior than those in dry conditions. The graphene sheets alter the thermo-physical&#xd;
and tribological properties of the cutting fluids. The MQL15 vegetable-based fluid showed better&#xd;
lubricating properties in the milling tests, with better conditions for tribosystem chip–tool–workpiece&#xd;
interfaces, which makes the friction coefficient, and wear rate stable. Vegetable-based cutting fluids,&#xd;
even in minimum quantities and with graphene nanoparticles, have a high potential for increasing&#xd;
the efficiency and sustainability of the milling process.</description>
<date>2023-01-26</date>
<date>2023-01-26</date>
<date>2022-08</date>
<type>info:eu-repo/semantics/article</type>
<identifier>http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7339</identifier>
<identifier>10.3390/lubricants10080193</identifier>
<identifier>2075-4442</identifier>
<language>eng</language>
<relation>Lubricants. 2022, V. 10, n. 8, 193</relation>
<relation>https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10080193</relation>
<relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/CAPES//001/</relation>
<relation>info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/CAPES//CNPq/</relation>
<rights>http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/</rights>
<rights>info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess</rights>
<rights>Atribución 4.0 Internacional</rights>
<publisher>MDPI</publisher>
</thesis></metadata></record></GetRecord></OAI-PMH>