<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/xsl" href="static/style.xsl"?><OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"><responseDate>2026-07-19T16:21:14Z</responseDate><request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/7507" metadataPrefix="marc">https://riubu.ubu.es/oai/request</request><GetRecord><record><header><identifier>oai:riubu.ubu.es:10259/7507</identifier><datestamp>2023-04-18T09:56:28Z</datestamp><setSpec>com_10259_4862</setSpec><setSpec>com_10259_5086</setSpec><setSpec>com_10259_2604</setSpec><setSpec>col_10259_4863</setSpec></header><metadata><record xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim" xmlns:doc="http://www.lyncode.com/xoai" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.loc.gov/MARC21/slim http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/schema/MARC21slim.xsd">
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<subfield code="a">Graff Reis, Jacqueline</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Dai Prá, Isabella</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Michelon, William</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Viancelli, Aline</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Piedrahita Marquez, David Guillermo</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Schmitz, Caroline</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Maraschin, Marcelo</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Moura, Sidnei</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Thaís Silva, Izabella</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Oliveira Costa, Geovanna de</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Tizziani, Tiago</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Sandjo, Louis P.</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Rodríguez Lázaro, David</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Fongaro, Gislaine</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Certain members of the Coronaviridae family have emerged as zoonotic agents and&#xd;
have recently caused severe respiratory diseases in humans and animals, such as SARS, MERS,&#xd;
and, more recently, COVID-19. Antivirals (drugs and antiseptics) capable of controlling viruses at&#xd;
the site of infection are scarce. Microalgae from the Chlorellaceae family are sources of bioactive&#xd;
compounds with antioxidant, antiviral, and antitumor activity. In the present study, we aimed to&#xd;
evaluate various extracts from Planktochlorella nurekis in vitro against murine coronavirus-3 (MHV-3),&#xd;
which is an essential human coronavirus surrogate for laboratory assays. Methanol, hexane, and&#xd;
dichloromethane extracts of P. nurekis were tested in cells infected with MHV-3, and characterized&#xd;
by UV-vis spectrophotometry, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, ultraperformance&#xd;
liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS), and the application of chemometrics through&#xd;
principal component analysis (PCA). All the extracts were highly efficient against MHV-3 (more than&#xd;
a 6 Log unit reduction), regardless of the solvent used or the concentration of the extract, but the&#xd;
dichloromethane extract was the most effective. Chemical characterization by spectrophotometry&#xd;
and NMR, with the aid of statistical analysis, showed that polyphenols, carbohydrates, and isoprene&#xd;
derivatives, such as terpenes and carotenoids have a more significant impact on the virucidal potential.&#xd;
Compounds identified by UPLC-MS were mainly lipids and only found in the dichloromethane&#xd;
extract. These results open new biotechnological possibilities to explore the biomass of P. nurekis; it is&#xd;
a natural extract and shows low cytotoxicity and an excellent antiviral effect, with low production&#xd;
costs, highlighting a promising potential for development and implementation of therapies against&#xd;
coronaviruses, such as SARS-CoV-2.</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7507</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">10.3390/ijerph192315823</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">1660-4601</subfield>
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<datafield ind1=" " ind2=" " tag="653">
<subfield code="a">Coronavirus</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">SARS-CoV-2</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Murine coronavirus</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Metabolomic approach</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">NMR biomarkers</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">UPLC-MS</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Viricidal activity</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Antiviral activity</subfield>
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<subfield code="a">Characterization of Planktochlorella nurekis Extracts and Virucidal Activity against a Coronavirus Model, the Murine Coronavirus 3</subfield>
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