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<mods:namePart>Sánchez-Aparicio, M. T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ayllón Barasoain, Juan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Leo-Macias, A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Wolff, T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>García Sastre, Adolfo</mods:namePart>
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<mods:abstract>The retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I) signaling pathway is essential for the recognition of viruses and the initiation of host interferon (IFN)-mediated antiviral responses. Once activated, RIG-I interacts with polyubiquitin chains generated by TRIM25 and binds mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS), leading to the production of type I IFN. We now show specific interactions among these key partners in the RLR pathway through the use of bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and super-resolution microscopy. Dimers of RIG-I, TRIM25, and MAVS localize into different compartments. Upon activation, we show that TRIM25 is redistributed into cytoplasmic dots associated with stress granules, while RIG-I associates with TRIM25/stress granules and with mitochondrial MAVS. In addition, MAVS competes with TRIM25 for RIG-I binding, and this suggests that upon TRIM25-mediated activation of RIG-I, RIG-I moves away from TRIM25 to interact with MAVS at the mitochondria. For the first time, the distribution of these three proteins was analyzed at the same time in virus-infected cells. We also investigated how specific viral proteins modify some of the protein complexes in the pathway. The protease NS3/4A from hepatitis C virus redistributes the complexes RIG-I/MAVS and MAVS/MAVS but not RIG-I/TRIM25. In contrast, the influenza A virus NS1 protein interacts with RIG-I and TRIM25 in specific areas in the cell cytoplasm and inhibits the formation of TRIM25 homocomplexes but not the formation of RIG-I/TRIM25 heterocomplexes, preventing the formation of RIG-I/MAVS complexes. Thus, we have localized spatially in the cell different complexes formed between RIG-I, TRIM25, and MAVS, in the presence or absence of two viral IFN antagonistic proteins.</mods:abstract>
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<mods:topic>Inﬂuenza</mods:topic>
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<mods:topic>Innate immunity</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Microscopy</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Pathogen recognition receptors</mods:topic>
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<mods:topic>RIG-I</mods:topic>
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<mods:subject>
<mods:topic>Virus</mods:topic>
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<mods:title>Subcellular Localizations of RIG-I, TRIM25, and MAVS Complexes</mods:title>
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