RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article
T1 Classical and Next-Generation Vaccine Platforms to SARS-CoV-2: Biotechnological Strategies and Genomic Variants
A1 Simões, Rachel Siqueira de Queiroz
A1 Rodríguez Lázaro, David
K1 Genomic variants
K1 Technological platforms
K1 SARS-CoV-2
K1 Microbiología
K1 Microbiology
K1 Enfermedades infecciosas
K1 Communicable diseases
AB Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been identified as human pathogens, including theα-CoVs strains HCoV-229E and HCoV-NL63 and the β-CoVs strains HCoV-HKU1 and HCoV-OC43.SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV-2 are also classified as β-coronavirus. New SARS-CoV-2 spikegenomic variants are responsible for human-to-human and interspecies transmissibility, consequencesof adaptations of strains from animals to humans. The receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2binds to receptor ACE2 in humans and animal species with high affinity, suggesting there have beenadaptive genomic variants. New genomic variants including the incorporation, replacement, ordeletion of the amino acids at a variety of positions in the S protein have been documented andare associated with the emergence of new strains adapted to different hosts. Interactions betweenmutated residues and RBD have been demonstrated by structural modelling of variants includingD614G, B.1.1.7, B1.351, P.1, P2; other genomic variants allow escape from antibodies generated byvaccines. Epidemiological and molecular tools are being used for real-time tracking of pathogenevolution and particularly new SARS-CoV-2 variants. COVID-19 vaccines obtained from classical andnext-generation vaccine production platforms have entered clinicals trials. Biotechnology strategiesof the first generation (attenuated and inactivated virus–CoronaVac, CoVaxin; BBIBP-CorV), secondgeneration (replicating-incompetent vector vaccines–ChAdOx-1; Ad5-nCoV; Sputnik V; JNJ-78436735vaccine-replicating-competent vector, protein subunits, virus-like particles–NVX-CoV2373 vaccine),and third generation (nucleic-acid vaccines–INO-4800 (DNA); mRNA-1273 and BNT 162b (RNAvaccines) have been used. Additionally, dendritic cells (LV-SMENP-DC) and artificial antigenpresenting (aAPC) cells modified with lentiviral vector have also been developed to inhibit viralactivity. Recombinant vaccines against COVID-19 are continuously being applied, and new clinicaltrials have been tested by interchangeability studies of viral vaccines developed by classical andnext-generation platforms.
PB MDPI
YR 2022
FD 2022-02
LK http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7632
UL http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7632
LA eng
DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos
RD 23-nov-2024