RT info:eu-repo/semantics/article T1 Social Simulation Models as Refuting Machines A1 Mauhe, Nicolas A1 Izquierdo Millán, Luis Rodrigo A1 Izquierdo, Segismundo S. K1 Social Simulation K1 Computer Simulation K1 Refutation K1 Modelling K1 Counter-Example K1 Markov Chain K1 Matemáticas K1 Mathematics K1 Informática K1 Computer science K1 Sociología K1 Sociology AB This paper discusses a prominent way in which social simulations can contribute (and have contributed) to the advance of science; namely, by refuting some of our incorrect beliefs about how the real world works. More precisely, social simulations can produce counter-examples that reveal something is wrong in a prevailing scientific assumption. Indeed, here we argue that this is a role that many well-known social simulation models have played, and it may be one of the main reasons why such well-known models have become so popular. To test this hypothesis, here we examine several popular models in the social simulation literature and we find that all these models are most naturally interpreted as providers of compelling and reproducible (computer-generated) evidence that refuted some assumption or belief in a prevailing theory. By refuting prevailing theories, these models have greatly advanced science and, in some cases, have even opened a new field of research. PB SimSoc Consortium SN 1460-7425 YR 2023 FD 2023-03 LK http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7635 UL http://hdl.handle.net/10259/7635 LA eng DS Repositorio Institucional de la Universidad de Burgos RD 29-mar-2024