Meat was a relevant resource for the first hominins that dispersed in Europe during Early Pleistocene times and competition with other carnivores could have conditioned their presence. This makes interesting to test the conditions immediately before and after the earliest hominin presence. The Late Villafranchian sites of Orce (Guadix-Baza Basin, SE Spain) offer a unique opportunity to analyze the food webs of mammalian paleocommunities in these conditions.
