Working hours in Spain is generally last for 8 hours per day with a maximum of 40 hours
per week. Working hours, therefore, can impact the traffic flow and characteristics due to
the intensity of road usage by different road users. On the other side, traffic accidents can
also be impacted by several temporal factors that may lead to a higher number of traffic
accidents or may increase the level of injury alongside other risk factors. In this study, these
timings are examined to comprehend the influence of the temporal factors represented by
the working hours scheme on traffic accident injuries in Barcelona. Another temporal factor
which is the season of the year is included to provide a wider and clearer image for the
conducted results and the current situation. The data is collected from the open data service
provided by the City Hall of Barcelona. Data preparation and segregation to include the
categories of working hours that may lead to a different level of injury resulted from a traffic
accident is, firstly, carried. Then, a machine learning model is applied to classify the
correlations for both the temporal factors and traffic accidents. Eventually, a Tree
Augmented Naïve Bayes model is applied. The results showed that both working hours
timing and summer season have higher probabilities of having traffic accidents slight injuries
with different medical care assistance provided compared to other timings.
