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    Por favor, use este identificador para citar o enlazar este ítem: http://hdl.handle.net/10259/8011

    Título
    Strength performance of low-bearing-capacity clayey soils stabilized with ladle furnace slag
    Autor
    Espinosa González, Ana BelénUBU authority Orcid
    Revilla Cuesta, VíctorUBU authority Orcid
    Skaf Revenga, MartaUBU authority Orcid
    Serrano López, RobertoUBU authority Orcid
    Ortega López, VanesaUBU authority Orcid
    Publicado en
    Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 2023, V. 30, n. 45, p. 101317-101342
    Editorial
    Springer
    Fecha de publicación
    2023-08
    DOI
    10.1007/s11356-023-29375-y
    Abstract
    In this paper, the performance of ladle furnace slag (LFS), a by-product of secondary steel refning, is evaluated as a binder to stabilize clayey soils of low bearing capacity. The aim is to defne whether additions of this by-product to clayey soil can stabilize the soil in accordance with the technical specifcations of Spanish standards. To do so, three diferent soils stabilized with 5% LFS were compared with the same soils stabilized with 2% lime and with no stabilization, in order to investigate their diferent behaviors. The chemical and mineralogical characterizations of all the soil mixes were conducted using X-ray fuorescence, X-ray difraction, and scanning electron microscopy. The Atterberg limit test was used to study the plastic behavior of the soils, and the results of compaction, bearing capacity, unconfned compressive strength, and direct shear strength (cohesion and friction angle) tests defned their strength characteristics. The analysis was completed with the pH monitoring of the mixes along the curing time in order to relate the pH changes with the strength evolution. The addition of LFS to the soils has resulted in an increase in the liquid limit and plastic limit, causing therefore a slight decrease in the plasticity index. All the soils showed increases between 30% and 70% in their California Bearing Ratios immediately after mixing with 5% LFS, and after 90 days of curing, improvements of 30–188% in their unconfned compressive strength were noted in comparison with untreated soil, which were higher than the lime-stabilized soils. The cohesion of soils stabilized with LFS at 28 days of curing obtained improvements ranging from 40 to 300% depending on the type of soil. However, the friction angle showed a slight increase of 10% in two of the soils and zero in another. The high initial pH in LFS-stabilized soils was maintained during the curing time, which favored the development of pozzolanic reactions that improve the soil strength. These results confrmed that the substitution of lime with LFS is a feasible option for soil stabilization.
    Palabras clave
    Soil stabilization
    Ladle furnace slag
    Clayey soil
    Bearing capacity
    Recycling
    Road construction
    Materia
    Ingeniería civil
    Civil engineering
    Materiales de construcción
    Building materials
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/10259/8011
    Versión del editor
    https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29375-y
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